CENTER LOAD or HEAD TO HEAD refers to a four or six horse gooseneck trailer that has side by side straight stalls in the rear of a trailer that face forward with the same configuration in the front except the stalls face towards the rear. A large center area will have one or two side ramps for loading and unloading. This style also allows each horse to be loaded and unloaded individually.

Lawyers do not have to prove that the defendant had intent to harm the animals-simply that he or she harmed them. The maximum fine for someone found guilty of animal neglect in Kentucky is 365 days imprisonment per animal (terms that can run concurrently) and a $500 per-animal fine.

#1- Dirt is a natural part of the equine diet. It contains minerals in bio-available form that the horse needs for various metabolic functions. Some of the minerals, iron for example, are more utilizable from the soil than when added to feeds or stored in forages. Horses that are constantly stabled and deprived of minerals naturally found in dirt may develop deficiencies even when supplied with those minerals in processed feeds.

One study indicates that overall, in the United States, 78 percent of horses have antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona and 34 percent have antibodies against Neospora hughesi. However, less than 1 percent exposed to EPM will develop clinical signs.2

Catherine is a 15-year-old student at The Mary Louis Academy in Jamaica, NY, and has been training and competing with Messina for a little over a year now. The two met in the spring of 2017 when The ARK was looking for a new home for Messina. Messina was introduced to The ARK family in 2016 when owner, Susan J. Bruns, took a job managing the Export Barn. Tragedy struck when Susan suddenly passed away in late February of 2017 from an aortic aneurysm. The ARK knew they had to find a good home for Messina as well as an enrichment and exercise program.

 “The results have been excellent: the mobile phone has shown high sensitivity for detecting and characterizing the cardiac arrhythmias of horses. There is great potential with this type of application,” explains professor Corradini.  

The International Society for Equitation Science (ISES) congratulates WHW for including this topic in this year’s assembly and is highly supportive of many of Mr Davison’s points e.g., regarding the importance of getting competition horses out to graze and the role of learning theory in horse training, in particular with regard to the importance of the removal of pressure. However, the Society also finds that the presentation included a number of incorrect claims and insinuations and hereby encourages WHW to correct this misinformation in a public statement to prevent further misinterpretation that may damage the welfare of sport-horses.